“And say,`All praise belongs to Allah; He will soon show you His signs, and you will know them.'  And thy Lord is not unaware of what you do” (27:93)

In Part 1, we saw how the author of the Quran informed us of the creation of the universe and its expansion as well as some aspects of the human being creation. Compared to the findings of modern science, the information revealed to mankind 1400 years ago appears astonishingly accurate. It has been established that this information could not be of human origin since at the time it was revealed:

• It was not known before, thus could not have been copied from other sources and put into the Quran.

• It was not found in previous Scriptures, so it could not be copied from there.

• Highly advanced scientific instruments and knowledge were not available at the time of revelation.

Therefore, the claim of those who say the Quran is from Muhammad is baseless, groundless and does not stand up to historical fact.

“And let them not turn thee away from the Signs of Allah, after they have been sent down to thee; and call mankind to thy Lord, and be not of those who associate partners with him. (28:87)

And call not on any other god beside Allah. There is no god but He. Everything will perish but He. His is the judgment, and to Him will you all be brought back” (28:88)

It should be stressed that the Holy Quran is not meant to be a scientific book though amazingly concurs with modern scientific facts.

“This is a perfect Book; there is no doubt in it; it is a guidance for the righteous, (2:2) 

Who believe in the unseen and observe prayer and spend out of what We have provided for them. (2:3)

And who believe in that which has been revealed to thee and that which was revealed before thee and they have firm faith in the hereafter. (2:4) 

It is they who follow the guidance from their LORD and it is they who shall prosper" (2:5)  

  Let us see if we can find in the Quran other strong facts which demonstrate its divine origin.

THE ELEMENT OF IRON 

Iron was discovered by humans long before the coming of Muhammad, it has been used to manufacture weapons, tools and other useful things, so there is no surprise the Quran mentions it:

“Verily, We sent Our Messengers with manifest Signs and sent down with them the Book and the Balance that people may act with justice; and We sent down iron, wherein is material for violent warfare and diverse uses for mankind, and that Allah may know those who help Him and His messengers without having seen Him. Surely, Allah is Powerful, Mighty” (57:25)

What is surprising though is the fact that the Quran states clearly that the iron was “sent down” which is the translation of the Arabic verb “Anzalna” which is the past tense of the verb “Anzala”. This verb is used in many other verses in the Quran and it is used to say that something descended or was sent down from above, for example, when the Quran mentions the rain:

“Who sends down (Anzala) rain from the sky and thereby We bring forth various kinds of vegetation in pairs” (20:53) 

or the Holy Quran: 

“ And thus have We sent it down (Anzalnahu) - the Quran in Arabic -and We have explained therein every kind of warning, that they may fear God or that it may cause them to remember him” (20:113)

No one really knew what this “sent down” implied, and when scholars were asked to explain it, they answered the meaning is probably metaphoric, they knew the verb meant sent down from above, but they could not explain how...until recently.

Although 35% of the Earth is composed of iron, and 99% of its core is made up of iron, science didn't really believe that iron could have been formed within that core. Scientists continued to wonder how iron could be found at the Earth's core when the temperature on Earth was not high enough to create an atom of these properties. In fact, even though the core of our Sun hosts a temperature of up to 20 million degrees centigrade yet even this temperature is not high enough for the formation of iron.

Scientists now believe that iron is extraterrestrial, i.e. it came to Earth from elsewhere in the universe and not formed therein and started looking beyond our solar system to try to find the appropriate environment in which such a metal could be formed, and looking at the stars far and beyond the answer to that question was finally answered. With the nuclear fusion, taking place in stars light years away from our solar system, the hydrogen atoms get used up at temperatures reaching 100 billion degrees centigrade to form the iron atom. With such massive reactions taking place on the inside these stars finally explode “Nova or Super Nova” and their iron content shoots out travelling across the universe. As the balls of iron “Meteors” fly through the skies they start intersecting with the course of orbit of other heavenly bodies, some of which are planets, and so they crash into them and plunge into their surface. Back at the time of formation of the universe Earth was just another giant ball of dust. As the iron from these exploding stars came to fall onto the Earth this planet started to absorb it. The iron having the greater weight started to fall deeper into the Earth's crust until most of it finally rested at its core giving Earth its magnetic field, environmental integrity, and many other benefits for mankind.

At the light of this recently discovered fact, the meaning of  “We sent down iron” have been understood; have been understood also the fact that the information cannot be of human origin, since the statement was made public in a time were it could not even be possible to imagine how the iron can descend from above.

This fact:

• Was not known before the Quran was revealed,

• Does not exist in the previous scriptures,

• And could not be discovered at Muhammad time where Atom, electron, proton, and neutron were totally unknown.

Therefore we can say without the slightest doubt that the author of the Quran is the same one who created the iron and everything else; that is Allah (God).

1400 years ago, the prophet Muhammad (AS) recited the above verse to his people. He also recited:

“And they say, What! When we shall have become bones and broken particles, shall we be really raised up again as a new creation? 

 Say, Be ye stones or Iron, Or created matter of any kind which appears hardest in your minds, even then shall you be raised up. Then will they ask, Who shall restore us to life? Say, He who created you the first time. Still they will shake their heads at thee and say, When will it be?  Say, May be, it is nigh, It will be on the day when He will call you; then you will respond praising Him and you will think that you have tarried in the world but a little while” (17:49-52)  

PLANT KINGDOM

Imagine yourself living in the 7^th century A C in the middle of the Arabian Desert where vegetation is scattered and very rare, and telling some friends around you “You see, in the vegetation around you and everywhere else, some plants have masculine gender and others feminine gender”. They will listen to you, will not understand what you are saying and take it for granted if they trust you.  

From all ages, people could easily tell when there is gender if they can observe the sexual act, this is true for the animal and insect kingdom, but in the case of plant kingdom there is no such act one can see, the “sexual act” is called pollination and is done trough pollen. The pollen is carried from male to female through animals (such birds) or insects and through wind. The gender in the plant kingdom is something not known in the 6th century. The Quran informed people of this fact very clearly.

“And HE it is Who spread out the earth and made therein mountains and rivers, and of fruits of every kind HE made therein two sexes. HE causes the night to cover the day. Therein, verily, are Signs for a people who reflect” (13:3) 

The above verse is very explicit and does not need any explanation. 

There is another verse which needs some explanation and which addresses the same topic.

 “We bring forth various kinds of vegetation in pairs” (20:53) 

The word pairs have been used to translate the Arabic word “Azwaj” which is the plural of “Zawj”. One has to know that the word AZWAJ in Arabic also means “Husband and wife”. In Arabic, to say “this is her husband” will translate to “ Hada Zawjuha” and to say “this is his wife” will translate to “Hadihi Zawjatuhu” and to say “they are married” will translate to “Inahoum Azway”. 

All this means that the word “Zawj” is also used to indicate the gender. This is very important when looking at the context of the said verse, because it is saying that even in the vegetation kingdom there is gender, otherwise the word pairs has no meaning. 

Again this fact:

• Was not known before, so it could have been copied and put in the Quran.

• Is not found in previous Holy Scriptures, so it can be copied from there.

• Needed years of observations and scientific research to be discovered.

Honestly,  does a man living in the 7th century AC could be the author of the holy Quran? So far everything we have seen says NO.

And if they accuse thee of lying, even so were accused of lying Messengers before thee who came with clear Signs and Books of wisdom and the illuminating Book. (3:184)

Every soul shall taste of death. And you shall be paid in full your rewards only on the Day of Resurrection. So whosoever is removed away from the Fire and is made to enter Heaven has indeed attained his goal. And the life of this world is nothing but an illusory enjoyment (3:185)  

THE FINGERPRINT

Some people may think that there is no life after death and the hereafter is childish story, because they cannot comprehend how a dead person can be brought to life when it becomes dust. 

Allah answer those who have such beliefs  that he is able to restore the slightest details of their body such as their finger-tips; and in the fingertips there is the fingerprints.

"Does man think that We shall not assemble his bones?  (75:3)

Yea, We have the power to restore his very finger-tips”. (75:4) 

The fingerprints that are on the fingertips are used (everyone knows that) as mean of identification, because everyone who is alive or has ever lived has his own and unique fingerprints. For a long time, the fingerprints did not have any specific importance. The uniqueness of the fingerprints to every living person has not been discovered until the 19^th century, yet Allah, the creator, informed us of that long time ago.

So, beware, you will meet your Lord sooner or later. 

THE FUNCTION OF MOUNTAINS 

The Quran draws attention to a very important geological function of mountains.

"We placed firmly embedded mountains on the earth, so it would not move under them" (21:31)

As we have noticed, it is stated in the verse that mountains have the function of preventing shocks in the Earth. This fact was not known by anyone at the time the Quran was revealed. It was in fact brought to light only recently as a result of the findings of modern geology. According to these findings, mountains emerge as a result of the movements and collisions of massive plates forming the Earth's crust. When two plates collide, the stronger one slides under the other, the one on the top bends and forms heights and mountains. The layer beneath proceeds under the ground and makes a deep extension downward. That means that mountains have a portion stretching downwards, as large as their visible parts on the Earth.

Mountains, in other words, clench the plates in the Earth's crust together by extending above and beneath the Earth's surface at the conjunction points of these plates. In this way, they fix the Earth's crust, and prevent it from drifting over the magma stratum or among its plates. Briefly, we may liken mountains to nails that keep pieces of wood together. In a verse, this role of the mountains is pointed out by a comparison with "pegs":

"Have We not made the earth as a bed and the mountains its pegs?" (78:6-7)

This fixing function of the mountains is described in scientific literature by the term "isostasy". Isostasy means the following:

Isostasy: general equilibrium of the Earth's crust maintained by a yielding flow of rock material beneath the surface under gravitational stress.54

This vital role of mountains, that was discovered by modern geology and seismic research, was revealed in the Quran centuries ago as an example of the supreme wisdom in God's creation. In another verse, it is again said:  

It is God Who cast firmly embedded mountains on the earth so that it would not move under you (31:10) 

THE MOVEMENT OF MOUNTAINS

In one verse, we are informed that mountains are not motionless as they seem, but are in constant motion:

"You will see the mountains you reckoned to be solid going past like clouds" (17: 88)

This motion of the mountains is caused by the movement of the Earth's crust that they are located on. The Earth's crust 'floats' over the mantle layer, which is denser. It was at the beginning of the 20th century when, for the first time in history, a German scientist by the name of Alfred Wegener proposed that the continents of the earth had been attached together when it first formed, but then drifted in different directions, and thus separated as they moved away from each other.

Geologists understood that that Wegener was right only in the 1980s, 50 years after his death. As Wegener pointed out in an article published in 1915, the land masses of the earth were joined together about 500 million years ago, and this large mass, called Pangaea, was located in the South Pole.

Approximately 180 million years ago, Pangaea divided into two parts, which drifted in different directions. One of these giant continents was Gondwana, which included Africa, Australia, Antarctica and India. The second one was Laurasia, which included Europe, North America and Asia, except for India. Over the next 150 million years following this separation, Gondwana and Laurasia divided into smaller parts.

These continents that emerged after the split of Pangaea have been constantly moving on the Earth's surface at several centimetres per year, in the meantime changing the sea and land ratios of the Earth.

Discovered as a result of the geological research carried out at the beginning of the 20th century, this movement of the Earth's crust is explained by scientists as follows:

The crust and the uppermost part of the mantle, with a thickness of about 100 kms., are divided into segments called plates. There are six major plates, and several small ones. According to the theory called plate tectonics, these plates move about on Earth, carrying continents and ocean floor with them... Continental motion has been measured at from 1-5 cm per year. As the plates continue to move about, this will produce a slow change in Earth's geography. Each year, for instance, the Atlantic Ocean becomes slightly wider.⁵⁵

There is a very important point to be stated here: God has referred to the motion of mountains as a drifting action in the verse. Today, modern scientists also use the term "continental drift" for this motion.56

Unquestionably, it is one of the miracles of the Quran that this scientific fact, which has recently been discovered by science, was announced in the Quran. 

THE FECUNDATING WINDS

In one verse of the Quran, the "fecundating" characteristic of the winds, and the formation of rain as a result are mentioned:

"And We send the fecundating winds, then cause water to descend   from the sky, therewith providing you with water in abundance" (15:22)

In this verse, it is pointed out that the first stage in the formation of rain is wind. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the only relationship between the wind and the rain that was known, was that the wind drove the clouds. However, modern meteorological findings have demonstrated the "fecundating" role of the wind in the formation of rain. This fecundating function of the wind works in the following way:

On the surface of oceans and seas, countless air bubbles form because of the water's foaming action. The moment these bubbles burst, thousands of tiny particles, with a diameter of just one hundredth of a millimeter, are thrown up into the air. These particles, known as "aerosols", mix with dust carried from the land by the wind, and are carried to the upper layers of the atmosphere. These particles carried to higher altitudes by winds come into contact with water vapor up there. Water vapor condenses around these particles and turns into water droplets. These water droplets first come together and form clouds, and then fall to the Earth in the form of rain.

As seen, winds "fecundate" the water vapor floating in the air with the particles they carry from the sea, and eventually help the formation of rain clouds. If winds did not possess this property, water droplets in the upper atmosphere would never form, and there would be no such thing as rain.

The most important point here is that this critical role of the wind in the formation of rain was stated centuries ago in a verse of the Quran, at a time when people knew very little about natural phenomena…

THE PROPORTION OF RAIN

One of the items of information given in the Quran about rain is that it is sent down to Earth in due measure. This is mentioned in Surat az-Zukhruf as follows:

"It is He who sends down water in due measure from the sky by which We bring a dead land back to life. That is how you too will be raised (from the dead)" (43:11)

This measured quantity in rain has again been discovered by modern research. It is estimated that in one second, approximately 16 million tons of water evaporates from the Earth. This figure amounts to 513 trillion tons of water in one year. This number is equal to the amount of rain that falls on the Earth in a year. This means that water continuously circulates in a balanced cycle, in a "measure". Life on Earth depends on this water cycle. Even if people used all the available technology in the world, they would not be able to reproduce this cycle artificially.

Even a minor deviation in this equilibrium would very soon give rise to a major ecological imbalance that would bring about the end of life on Earth. Yet, this never happens, and rain keeps falling every year in exactly the same quantity just as revealed in the Quran. 

THE SEAS' NOT MINGLING WITH ONE ANOTHER

One of the properties of seas that has only recently been discovered is related in a verse of the Quran as follows:

"He has let loose the two seas, converging together, with a barrier between them they do not break through" (55:19-20)

This property of the seas, that they come together yet do not mingle with one another at all, has only very recently been discovered by oceanographers. Because of the physical force called "surface tension", the waters of neighbouring seas do not mix. Caused by the difference in the density of their waters, surface tension prevents them from mingling with one another, just as if a thin wall were between them.

The interesting side to this is that during a period when people had no knowledge of physics, surface tension, or oceanography; this was revealed in the Quran. 

Again this fact:

• Was not known before, so it could have been copied and put in the Quran.

• Is not found in previous Holy Scriptures, so it can be copied from there.

• Needed years of observations and scientific research to be discovered.

"And they will say, `Our Lord, we obeyed our chiefs and our great ones and they led us astray from the way, (33: 68)

 Our Lord, give them double punishment and curse them with a mighty curse" (33: 69) 

Based on the works by Harun Yahya.